The author is president of Omnia Audio in Cleveland. The FM stereo transmission system employed in worldwide broadcasting has been in place since 1961. The rules governing stereophonic performance ...

The average textbook definition of modulation reads: modulation is a process in which the frequency, phase or amplitude of a carrier wave varies in step with the instantaneous value of the modulating ...

(1) An earlier magnetic disk encoding method that places clock bits onto the medium along with the data bits. It was superseded by MFM and RLL. FM radio was invented in the early 1930s by Edwin Howard ...

Compared to the simple diode needed to demodulate AM radio signals, the detector circuits used for FM are slightly more complicated. Wrapping your head around phase detectors, ratio detectors, ...

[Stephen] recently wrote in to share his experiments with using the LimeSDR mini to conduct a bit of piracy on the airwaves, and though we can’t immediately think of a legitimate application for ...

Correlated electron systems possess complex electronic phase diagrams that are exceptionally sensitive to the orbital occupancy of electrons and chemical/carrier doping. Particularly, electronic phase ...

“Modulation simply means 'change over time', and it always involves a source signal and a target parameter.” When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s ...