Linux Journal, representing 25+ years of publication, is the original magazine of the global Open Source community.

Simply put, a Shell Script is a program that is run by a UNIX/Linux shell. It is a file that contains a series of commands which are executed sequentially as if they were entered on the command line ...

Community driven content discussing all aspects of software development from DevOps to design patterns. It’s pretty easy to run a batch file on Windows. Just create a file, change the extension to ...

This article is reprinted from the book A Practical Guide to Linux Commands, Editors, and Shell Programming 3rd edition, with permission of the author and publisher ...

One of the simplest ways to run a command in the background is by appending an ampersand (&) at the end of the command. This method instructs the shell to execute the command as a separate background ...

Linux built-ins are commands that are built into the shell, much like shelves that are built into a wall. You won’t find them as stand-alone files the way standard Linux commands are stored in ...

Shell builtins are commands that are loaded into memory when a shell — such as bash, sh, or zsh — is invoked. The reason for this is that keeping these commands in memory helps ensure that these ...