Learning the basics can ease loop tuning frustration and ensure stability. During plant operations, it seems that tuning control loops is an ongoing task, which can be a continual frustration to ...

Valve train improvements are an important part of the continued efficiency advancements of internal combustion engines. Today's electronics allow more precise control and different approaches to valve ...

March 30, 2007 Over the last century of automobile development, we have seen an enormous range of valve actuation technologies, ranging from pushrod, through single then double overhead camshafts, ...

Every aspect of an engine is a compromise: torque for horsepower, efficiency for emissions, performance for fuel economy, compression for octane tolerance. During the evolution of the internal ...

Feedwater control valves play a critical role in boiler operation. One important parameter of their design is the pressure drop at the rated condition as well as off-design conditions. However, ...

Choked flow in control valves is a subject of serious concern for industrial users. The term is usually associated with destructive process conditions that can damage valve internals or expose ...