Abstract: In this letter, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a high-speed true random number generator (TRNG) by exploiting the probabilistic delay time of threshold switching (TS) in a unified ...

The Random123 library is a collection of counter-based random number generators ( "CBRNGs") for CPUs (C and C++) and GPUs (CUDA and OpenCL), as described in Parallel Random Numbers: As Easy as 1, 2, 3 ...

Data collected under the Death in Custody Reporting Act has some serious problems. Here’s how we fixed some of them.

Williams, A. and Louis, L. (2026) Cumulative Link Modeling of Ordinal Outcomes in the National Health Interview Survey Data: Application to Depressive Symptom Severity. Journal of Data Analysis and ...

Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...

Julia Kagan is a financial/consumer journalist and former senior editor, personal finance, of Investopedia. Marguerita is a Certified Financial Planner (CFP), Chartered Retirement Planning Counselor ...

We noted that Excel turned 40 this year. That makes it seem old, and today, if you say “spreadsheet,” there’s a good chance you are talking about an Excel spreadsheet, and if ...

Python is a great language for automating everyday tasks, from managing files to interacting with websites. Libraries like ...

Abstract: Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) are a burgeoning technology used for a variety of applications, including modern security and encryption systems. Typical methods exploit an entropy ...

Pillow is the friendly PIL fork by Jeffrey A. Clark and contributors. PIL is the Python Imaging Library by Fredrik Lundh and contributors. As of 2019, Pillow development is supported by Tidelift. The ...

Eeny, meeny, miny, mo, catch a tiger by the toe – so the rhyme goes. But even children know that counting-out rhymes like this are no help at making a truly random choice. Perhaps you remember when ...

A laser is usually constructed from two basic elements: a material that provides optical gain through stimulated emission and an optical cavity that partially traps the light. When the total gain in ...